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Advisory Hotline：0371-88817899轉801-808The formaldehyde release limit for wood-based panels will be
With the improvement of living standards, people pay more and more attention to the environmental health of the home environment. As one of the more basic raw materials in the decoration, the artificial board and its products will release a certain amount of formaldehyde due to the use of formaldehyde-based adhesives, which will endanger human health.
Recently, the mandatory national standard for the manufacture of wood-based panels and their products in China, "Formaldehyde Decoration Limits for Interior Panel Decoration Materials and Their Products" (GB18580-2001) was revised for the first time in 16 years. One of the important amendments is to increase formaldehyde. Release the limit value, cancel the original standard E2 level, and change the limit mark E1. The new standard will be officially implemented on May 1, 2018.
In the wood-based panel and its products industry to improve the formaldehyde emission standards, what changes will be brought about? What are the benefits for consumers? In this regard, the reporter interviewed the Secretary of the National Wood-based Panel Standardization Technical Committee Duan Xinfang and other experts.
High-grade formaldehyde emission from wood-based panels and their products
Wood-based panels (commonly known as large core panels) and their products are widely used and widely used. Most of the adhesives used in the production of wood-based panels are urea-formaldehyde resin adhesives based on formaldehyde. It has the advantages of low production cost, sufficient raw material source, simple production process and convenient use. It is the main type of artificial board adhesive, accounting for about 90% of the amount of glue used for wood-based panels. It is widely used in the production of fiberboard, plywood, particleboard, Wood-based panels and other wood-based panels. However, products made with urea-formaldehyde resin adhesives continuously release formaldehyde.
Li Guangxi, director of the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, said that formaldehyde, benzene and other pollutants are very harmful to human health. Inhalation can lead to neurasthenia, nausea, vomiting, chest tightness, asthma and other symptoms, and even cause cancer.
Although most of the wood-based panels are not directly sold to consumers, as a raw material for building materials, wood-based panels are introduced into individual households through manufacturers and decoration companies. For example, most manufacturers of cabinets, wooden doors and windows, wooden furniture, etc. do not produce sheets, but reprocess them by purchasing materials for production from upstream sheet production companies. Therefore, the environmental performance of the products of the upstream wood-based panel industry directly affects the safety and health of the consumer's home environment.
Old standards are old and backward, it is difficult to play a regulatory role
The “Formaldehyde Release Limit for Wood-based Panels and Their Products for Interior Decoration Materials” (GB18580-2001), which was implemented in 2001, was a mandatory national standard in the wood-based panel and its products industry. This standard means the “bottom line” of state regulation and the “red line” produced by the industry. That is to say, the state requires that the formaldehyde emission of wood-based panels and their products must meet the requirements of this product. This is also the basis for testing whether the formaldehyde emission of the product is qualified. For more than a decade, this standard has played an important role in regulating the development of the industry, improving the environmental performance of products, and protecting the health of consumers.
However, due to the development of the industry and the improvement of people's living standards, the old standards are increasingly inconsistent with people's production and living requirements. Compared with other countries, countries around the world, especially developed countries, attach great importance to the release of formaldehyde from wood-based panels and their products. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO), the European Union, the United States and Japan have continuously updated the formaldehyde emission limit standards for wood-based panels and their products. Higher requirements are placed on formaldehyde release limits. In the GB18580-2001 standard, China's wood-based panel formaldehyde emission limit standard is divided into two levels: E1, E2. E1 is a wood-based panel that can be directly used indoors. E2 is a wood-based panel that can be used indoors after being treated. Therefore, in the past, the formaldehyde emission limit standard of artificial wood panels with high environmental performance in China was E1, and the release amount was less than 1.5. Mg/m3.
China has become a major producer and consumer of interior decoration materials such as wood-based panels in the world. Since 2011, China's wood-based panel production ranks high in the world, reaching 287 million cubic meters. Behind the huge output, there are hidden environmental security concerns. Historically, one of the main factors for the failure of wood-based panels and their products is that the amount of formaldehyde released exceeds the standard. Therefore, it is extremely urgent to revise and adjust the GB18580-2001 standard.
The new standard is in line with international standards and directly hits the industry's environmental protection points.
According to the reporter, the obvious change of the revised standard GB18580-2017 is to increase the formaldehyde emission limit requirement. The uniform formaldehyde emission limit value is 0.124mg/m3, the limit mark is E1, and the original E2 level is cancelled. Duan Xinfang said that this has been in line with international standards.
In addition, the new standard also cancels the formaldehyde release limit value of the dryer method and the perforation extraction method in the original standard, and the test method for measuring the formaldehyde emission amount is unified as "1 cubic meter climate box method". The "1 cubic meter climate chamber method" has a detection duration of at least 10 days and is measured from day 7 under constant temperature, constant humidity and constant air flow. When the number of tests exceeds 4 times, and the difference between the results of the next two measurements is less than 5%, the average value is taken as the measurement result. If the difference between the two measurements is greater than 5%, it is also measured once a day. If the steady state is not reached within 28 days, the measured value on the 28th day is used.
"Since May 1 next year, the new standard will be officially implemented. That is to say, by that time, as long as the products sold in the domestic market must meet the new standards," Duan Xinfang said. This means that companies should retrofit existing production lines, production technologies and purchase 1 cubic meter of climate chamber testing equipment as soon as possible to ensure that products that meet the new standards are produced.
Expert advice
Start indoor environmental carrying capacity research as soon as possible
When buying furniture, many businesses will say that the quality of their own furniture is in line with national quality standards. However, if the use of formaldehyde to release the artificial board that meets the limit requirements, will it not cause pollution in the living room and ensure the health of the residents is not affected?
Duan Xinfang said that there is not a positive correlation between the grade of the wood-based panel and the indoor formaldehyde exceeding the standard. The formaldehyde pollution in indoor air mainly comes from the artificial panels, paints and adhesives used in decoration and furniture. Limiting the amount of formaldehyde released from these decoration and furniture materials can ensure that the concentration of formaldehyde in the room is controlled within a certain safe range. This is the original intention of countries to develop formaldehyde emission limits for decoration materials such as wood-based panels.
In addition, under the influence of the “accumulation effect”, when the artificial panels used for furniture, decoration, etc. in the room exceed a certain limit, the formaldehyde will exceed the standard, so it is necessary to impose restrictions on the amount of artificial panels used for interior decoration. . Among them, Japan is doing more detailed.
Japan officially implemented the Building Standards Act in 2007, which imposed strict restrictions on the use of building materials that release harmful chemicals indoors.
On the whole, F four-star wood-based panels, that is, the average formaldehyde emission of 0.3mg/m3, will not cause the indoor formaldehyde concentration to exceed 0.1mg/m3, that is, the indoor formaldehyde concentration limit standard, therefore, reach F four stars. Graded wood-based panels are not restricted in interior decoration. The average formaldehyde emission of F three-star artificial board is 0.5mg/m3, and the amount used in interior decoration should be limited to 2 times of the used area of the renovated room.
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